1. Long-term avian community response to hemlock decline Open Access Author: Toenies, Matthew John Title: Long-term avian community response to hemlock decline Graduate Program: Ecology Keywords: Tsuga canadensisEmpidonax virescensSetophaga virensbirdscommunityforest die-offAdelges tsugaedeclineoccupancyresponse File: Download thesis_Matt_Toenies_final.pdf Committee Members: David Miller, Thesis Advisor/Co-AdvisorMatthew Marshall, Committee MemberMargaret Brittingham, Committee Member