Kinetic Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of Plasma-assisted Combustion
Open Access
- Author:
- Togai, Kuninori
- Graduate Program:
- Mechanical Engineering
- Degree:
- Doctor of Philosophy
- Document Type:
- Dissertation
- Date of Defense:
- October 22, 2015
- Committee Members:
- Richard A Yetter, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor
Richard A Yetter, Committee Chair/Co-Chair
Thomas Litzinger, Committee Member
Adrianus C Van Duin, Committee Member
Randy Lee Vander Wal, Committee Member - Keywords:
- plasma-assisted combustion
low-temperature combustion
chemical kinetics
plasma chemistry
nonequilibrium plasma - Abstract:
- Plasma-assisted combustion (PAC) is a promising combustion enhancement technique that shows great potential for applications to a number of different practical combustion systems. In this dissertation, the chemical kinetics associated with PAC are investigated numerically with a newly developed model that describes the chemical processes induced by plasma. To support the model development, experiments were performed using a plasma flow reactor in which the fuel oxidation proceeds with the aid of plasma discharges below and above the self-ignition thermal limit of the reactive mixtures. The mixtures used were heavily diluted with Ar in order to study the reactions with temperature-controlled environments by suppressing the temperature changes due to chemical reactions. The temperature of the reactor was varied from 420 K to 1250 K and the pressure was fixed at 1 atm. Simulations were performed for the conditions corresponding to the experiments and the results are compared against each other. Important reaction paths were identified through path flux and sensitivity analyses. Reaction systems studied in this work are oxidation of hydrogen, ethylene, and methane, as well as the kinetics of NOx in plasma. In the fuel oxidation studies, reaction schemes that control the fuel oxidation are analyzed and discussed. With all the fuels studied, the oxidation reactions were extended to lower temperatures with plasma discharges compared to the cases without plasma. The analyses showed that radicals produced by dissociation of the reactants in plasma plays an important role of initiating the reaction sequence. At low temperatures where the system exhibits a chain-terminating nature, reactions of HO2 were found to play important roles on overall fuel oxidation. The effectiveness of HO2 as a chain terminator was weakened in the ethylene oxidation system, because the reactions of C2H4 + O that have low activation energies deflects the flux of O atoms away from HO2. For the ethylene and methane oxidation systems, the reaction pathways important for the formation of intermediate species are discussed. The reactions of CH3 and C2H5 were found to influence the production channels of minor species. In the studies on the kinetics of NOx in plasma, several mechanistic insights were obtained, including the identification of formation and consumption steps of N2O and the extensive review of three NO formation schemes found in the current reaction mechanism. Efforts to address the known inaccuracies of the current model are also reported.