A Profile Approach to the CIP Model of Leadership
Restricted (Penn State Only)
- Author:
- Walters, Kayla
- Graduate Program:
- Psychology
- Degree:
- Doctor of Philosophy
- Document Type:
- Dissertation
- Date of Defense:
- December 17, 2021
- Committee Members:
- Samuel Hunter, Chair & Dissertation Advisor
Donald Hambrick, Outside Unit & Field Member
Susan Simkins, Major Field Member
James LeBreton, Major Field Member
Kristin Buss (she/her), Program Head/Chair - Keywords:
- CIP
leadership
person centered
LPA - Abstract:
- Research on the charismatic, ideological, and pragmatic (CIP) model of leadership has traditionally taken a variable-centered approach, conceptualizing leaders as having either a charismatic, ideological, or pragmatic style. However, recognizing that many leaders possess elements of each of the three styles, researchers have begun to call for more nuanced approaches to conceptualizing CIP leadership. As such, this effort aimed to advance the study of the CIP model of leadership by taking a person-centered approach to measurement. In the first study, I sought to determine whether there are distinct profiles of CIP styles and to compare the variable-centered and person-centered approaches to CIP leadership. Results indicated that there are three key CIP profiles – balanced leaders, CP leaders, and high CP leaders – and that those profiles are better predictors of leader outcomes than the traditional categorical conceptualization of CIP leadership. In the second study, I examined the similarity of profile solutions across four additional samples. Results showed that, although there were some differences in profile characteristics and relations with predictors and outcomes, the three key CIP profiles tended to generalize across multiple samples,. Although this effort is preliminary, and additional profiles may emerge in future research, it is a first step in moving the study of CIP leadership toward a more nuanced approach that incorporates the full breadth of an individual’s leadership tendencies. Such an approach may open new avenues for both research and practice related to CIP.