A Phenomenological Approach to Examining the Role of Risk and Protective Factors in the Lives of Gay and Bisexual Youth

Open Access
- Author:
- Roe, Stuart Leon
- Graduate Program:
- Counselor Education
- Degree:
- Doctor of Philosophy
- Document Type:
- Dissertation
- Date of Defense:
- May 24, 2012
- Committee Members:
- Jerry G Trusty, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor
Richard Hazler, Committee Member
Jolynn Carney, Committee Member
Dr Brandon Hunt, Committee Member
Edgar Paul Yoder, Committee Member - Keywords:
- gay
lesbian
bi-sexaul
adolescent
support
protective factors
social support
phenomenology
qualitative - Abstract:
- Most of the research involving lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents (LGB) in the past 10-20 years has focused on negative issues faced by LGB adolescents, not on healthy LGB adolescent development. Much of this research has been completed retrospectively as access to LGB adolescents has been difficult for a number of reasons. Addressing a gap in the literature, the current study prospectively examines ways in which gay and bisexual adolescents access and identify sources of social support in their lives A phenomenological study that included semi-structured, hour long interviews was conducted with seven gay and bisexual adolescents who are currently enrolled in high school and between the ages of 16 and 19. To improve rigor and trustworthiness, a number of techniques were employed including member checks, journaling, bracketing of assumptions, and consultation with colleagues. Participants were recruited at a community event designed to provide support for LGB youth and their families. Interview questions were designed to determine who has provided social support, in what way, and how LGB adolescents know from whom they are able to seek social support. Findings were analyzed and grouped by themes. Five major themes emerged from interview transcripts regarding the lived experiences of high school aged LGB youth were analyzed: (a) fear of judgment, (b) recognition of social support, (c) GLB specific forms of social support, (d) advice to others, and (e) other students are marginalized. Gay and bisexual adolescents reported that teachers, school counselors and coaches have served in support roles. Gay and bisexual adolescents had various ways of determining who might provide such support. Study strengths, limitations, and suggestions for counselors and other professionals are also discussed.