1. EXPLORING REGIONAL VARIATION IN SPATIAL LANGUAGE: A CASE STUDY ON SPATIAL ORIENTATION BY USING VOLUNTEERED SPATIAL LANGUAGE DATA Open Access Author: Xu, Sen Title: EXPLORING REGIONAL VARIATION IN SPATIAL LANGUAGE: A CASE STUDY ON SPATIAL ORIENTATION BY USING VOLUNTEERED SPATIAL LANGUAGE DATA Graduate Program: Geography Keywords: text classificationgeo-referenced web samplingvolunteered geographic informationinformation extractionmachine learningspatial language analysisregional linguistic differencescardinal directional usagevisual analytics File: Download Thesis_Xu_July12th_Final_Final.pdf Committee Members: Alexander Klippel, Thesis Advisor/Co-AdvisorAlexander Klippel, Thesis Advisor/Co-AdvisorAlan Maceachren, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor